"THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA" by Ernest Hemingway

”The old man and the Sea” is a novel which could be named a short novel also and it was published in 1952 for the first time in the magazine Life. It is written as a inner monologue in which we find out the thoughts of the main character. The plot is not the center of this literary work.

The theme is the relationship between man and nature. Even though at the beginning Santiago is represented like a man who is defeated in life and has no strength with time we find out that he is the real hero characterized by strength and faith.

In this work, Hemmingway analyzes the internal battles of an aging man who isn’t ready to give up what he loves. The dominant themes of dedication, perseverance, and respect highlight to the reader that Hemmingway wishes to paint his character Santiago, not as an old man who is spent and weak, but as a man who’s passion gives him strength to fight his internal and external battles. Throughout the novel, images of lions on a beach are mentioned as daydreams of Santiago. The Lions, mighty kings of the desert, represent pride and strength as well as the ultimate hunter; it is clear Santiago sees himself in a similar way. Through his years, Santiago has developed a love and respect for the sea. The sea represents a brooding strength to the old man that ultimately motivates him to keep his strength while fighting the marlin. The old man’s take on the marlin itself is very interesting. Even though he sees himself as the predator, he understands the majesty of the great fish and respects it as a worthy foe.

Hemmingway’s great metaphors and contrasts highlight the real significance of the novel. The great and ageless ocean mirrors the ageless spirit of the old man and the mighty marlin represents the beauty and wildness of the sea, while the struggle of man and beast is a description not only of the inner turmoil of the character and his shortcomings but of the human condition and our quest to conquer all. Santiago mentions that he feels more at home on the wild sea with the great beasts then in his village with his people. He sees himself as part of the great circle of life in the ocean and this is what makes sense to him. Young and old, land lover or lover of the sea, Any reader who wishes to dive into this deep and intriguing novel will be amazed by their connection with the protagonist. Hemmingway captures readers with simple human emotion and reels them in with majesty of something much larger and much more complex.

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